人大会议国内国家经济答问|需要对现实中挑战自我，全球制造厂要怎样恢复竟争力？——二会全球市场经济智力问答之四
dazaochangyeshiguonei shenghuodehexin。♋quniandilai，quanqiugongyehuashenghuohuiluoquwen，danbaituotebiefeichangfuzadeguojijixingshi、“guagouduanlian”dewaijiewenti，guanyu“fuwuyelianqianchu”“guonei dazaochangyouyuexingyijing”dengshoujishengyinxunsu。
5ritiqingjueyicaoandezhongyangzhengfubumengongzuoshangmubiaobaogaofanwenzhong，“yonglizhashituijinxianjin✱hualingyubiaozhunjiancheng，jiakuaisudujinbuxinzhizhizuoli”wen✱ju202lijingsinianzhongyangzhengfubumengongzuoshangmubiaomubiaozhongyaoweizhi，huifashifanglelaogulaozhushitihuajingjizengzhangjichudetuchuweixingxinhao。
congpinggubiaomingdexinzhibiaoxingongzuocuoshi，daodaibiaohuiweiyuanhui、zhuanjia♊tuanduixuejiedengzaochengdeshiliduangushihezhuanyejishujiexi，zaidaozijizaibiaogandeshoufangzoufangdiaoyan，woyaomenduiguochuangzaobaochizhexingye🦩li，quebaowenjinkaifayongyoulebiandegengjiaqingxinderenzhibawo。
对于大变局，危机感足韧度强
zhenmijinpodewaibulianjiehuaijingxia，guojiazhizaochuyegongsizouqugengshouzhuyi。
“zijigoujiangongyeyuanjixieshebeirenzhinengkongzhiqi、xiliesifutitongdengguoneishengchandehua，zhengjianhuanhaishangbuyujiaofangshisu，tigaozijiquanqiushimianzhanyouquanlv。”chengdouxinsongjixieshebeirenzidongdehuachiguyouxianzerenchangjiazongcaizhangjindailiyongzhengzhiyishilibiaoshu，zaifeisufazhanzhengfudasibujuhelidejixieshebeirenjiaoyulingyu，baneizaijishuwolaoꦡ、pinpailianzuoquan，“tangruozhandifengyun，yeyaoyouxutuijinqianxing”。
zheigeshijigouziyoubojichayeshichangdexiezhao，yeshiquanqiuzhizaochumianduitiaozhanxingdexiezhao。
congqian5nian，guojishanghuanjingfenggaolangji。diyuanzhengzhixue、daguoboyijilieyuhezuodengtupojiweibijiaomingxian，luohouguojiashougongzhizuoyeyeqiyefenliu，putaoya、dongxinan✱yadengditiaojiannenglikuaijiefazhanjinbu，jilieyuhezuobutingdejiju。zheizhongshikeguanshishiyou、buhuibixiandeshixian。ꦗdan，changshuaihuarendashougongzhizuoye、changshuaihuarendatiaojiannenglidelundiaojiazazhongjin，shixiangyaozuoyidingbianzhengluojitantaode。
guibitiaozhan、gongjianzhankenan，guojiayanzhi💯gongyejianshefanwei、jinchukoumaoyijianshefanweigaibianleliang🐎dekexuehelizengjia，baochizheshimian shichangzhanyoulvdejianzhutikekao。
juxiangguandebuweijujinxingrenmen“chuzhanggongzuoqu”shangtuijian，2026nian，woguodeqitagongyeyuantianjiazhibijiaojiejinyu30wanduoyi，zhangdpdeꦺ31.7%。chanshengyeguimohuajianduan1duonianjuquanshi🤪jiedi1。
“xianjinhuafuwuyebaozhangtixikaifayongyouzhuyaofazhan”“liangpihendafuwuyebuduanchuangxinzhongdachengguozuodaoguojiyouxiushuipingmian”……zhengfujigougongzuopinggudeyiguochanlunshu，tutuxianchudaguoℱshengchanjiaℱgongdehangshijiaobu。
queshichuxianlelerurimeisuochengde“chanyehualiangenghuanchao”ma？
bunengbuchengren，shouchengbenfeiyongdenghuanjingyinsuganrao，henduolaodongzhemibuxingshebeideshengchandezhuanhuidaotongyizhengfu。neime，shiyouyuguonei yicengcirongruquanqiupaimingdeqiyezhanlvezuzhijiagou，cong☂erdaozhiyuhaoduogongsichechuguonei youtuihuilai，huorengxucongguonei jinchukouxuduozhongjiandedechanpin。
“jikeyiyipiangaiquan，jiangshaoshufangshisuanweizhengtijiegoujiegoufazhanzhuangda，yekandaolezheizheizhizhongfuwuyehuafazhanzhuangdadeshishizhidu，.wodefuwuyehuajiuzaichuangxinfazhansheng♏jizhongzaisurenzhiduli。”taihexincaishiyeguquanyouxianzongbuzongbufujituanzongcaizhangsongxiquandaibiaorenyihuaxianyejulieshuo，guranshaoshushengchanzhizaofangshizhuanzou，danzhengtijiegoujiegouewaitianjiazhijiuzaifazhan。202yinian，muqianguoneigaonaifushixingqianweishengchanliangzhanquanshijiandezhongliangbilidiyuliangfenzhishou，202yinianchukouguoehuanbizhangfuzhangfu14.4%。
xitongxingbumenguanlitongjishujuzhanxian，xianzaizai500zhongzhuyaogongyeshengchanleishipinzhong，dangjinshijieyoubaiꦕfenzhisishizhishangleishipinshengchannengjuqianyazhouyihao，gezhesuanji、dianhua、yueliangnengxudianchibandengjiyazhongdianleishipinshengchannengzhanyazhouyixiaobufenzhishang。kaifayeguimoxingzhanyazhoubaifenbiyichao♍30%。
lingxianjiagongyejiakuaituijin꧑zhuangda，jianggaofangfajiagongyedisancaichanfazhanjinyibujuhe。48gezhongguolingxianjiagongyequnji、178jiazhongguogaoxinjishuquzonglanzhuangxiu，julianshubushengshu。18nian，zhanxiandisancaichanpeihehejichenghuaxiaolvdepeizhijiagongyejinkou13.4qiwanzhiyimeiyuan，“xinsanyang”qi𝓀yechanpinjinkoujipowanyimeiyuan。
“yizhongguoneidixinziyuanershoucheshidui，changxingdangjinshijiekaodeshijishushuiping、zhiliangshuipinghegaoxiaoxingxietongzuozhandegongyelian。”zhanganqichedeershouchezhixinggongsilaozongzhuhuarongxiangzhengzheshuo，xingshishengdaozhengbiancheng kaifayelingwaiyigegehe𝕴xinjiꦜlieyingxiangli。
“guagouduanlian”zhendanglezaiwoguodaluzaishijieshidajiagongyelianjiagonglianderenzhiduma？zaiwoguojiagongxiangtongzizunzuoda——
jubeihezuoguolingyulianfenleiguanlizhongquanbuzhonggongyexuekemenlei；zaiyouyixiezhongdianshifangxianghezhongzhongzhizhongniubeisaidaoshanggouchengﷺshoupijijuquanlingyulianlianguatoulongduanlideyouzhilingyulian；yipeihuangzhuanjingtexin“xiaojuren”kehu1.2yingjia，90%zuoyoushiguowaiwaizhumingpinpaidakehudesheshigongyingxinxishang。
modelx(tesla)(tesla)zhongqingquanxingongyequ，lingjiegoujianminzuhua🐭hualvtupo95%♔。modelx(tesla)(tesla)jigouzaochengfuzongjinglicaisonggangshuo，modelx(tesla)(tesla)yuzhonghuazhizaoshangshang“tongshenggongying”。
xiongyalibeijinghuanqiuwangzhifagaocheng“guonei guoshengchanjiagongdeshuwanzhongdijihufupinbunengnengsoudaodaitigongjishang”。guonei guoguowaixiehuimeiguoduojiuqiantuichude2023/✃2siniandudeqishangjiajijidexintaidiaochahuibaohuibaoxianxian，wanchengfangtaizhongxiaoxingqiyejihuashuzaijianghui5nianxinzengzaihuatouruzijin，yuanguzhisanshigongjiliangaishan、zhuanxingshengjilitiba。
“rangwomendedaoquanbudedisanjiagongyebaozhangtixi、feichangdadeshimiandeguimodenghaochu，jiagongyezanshiwenbuchengzhangdezongtiꦚmianyiranjianshi。”womenweidianzichanpinxinxidisanjiagongyechengzhangzuanyanyuanjianchazhangzhanglixiangzhengzheshuo，neijiushiwomen🍷jiagongdeyingqiweiyu、renjingweiyu。
解决对战，始终保持“稳”的定力还耐心
yanshoujuyouqiyoushi，yaobaochiwending“wen”dekongzhili。zhenduiquanshijiechanyefazhan✃🗹lianpifashanglianjumianchengdugenggai，xinxingguojiazhizuojiangruheyi“wen”yingliyingbian？
——xianyaodati꧒liangwen。“𝕴baochilianghaogongyejingjixingpingjingchengxuyunxing”，renminzhengfushangbanyijianshufachulewenkuodadeyouhuizhengcewangluoxinhao。
zhizaoyeheshujushuzihuaguanlibuwaizhangjinzhuanglongzai8richenggongjuꦓbandeshisijiewozhongguorenfenpinianhui“waizhanglvsetongdao”shangzhichu，jinnianjiangshenrujicengfangangeshishijieshidayeneiwenzengsucaozuofangangeshi，jilizhizaoyedaxian、zhizaoyedashi“yongtiaozhuliang”。
jingdianfuwuyezaiyingzaoyezongliangchao80%，shijinjindaihuafuwuyetizhidejidi，yingxiangshihuijinbuheguojipuhuijinrong，woshiniguoyaobaochishijiedier⛄yingzaoyeqiangguoshehuijiazhidedaduopan，bukerangjingdianfuwuyeweizhuangcheng“diduanshoujifuwuye”jianyiguanbichengxu。huibaoqueliyibianmouhua，cicicuijinjingdianfuwuyedechaichuwanshan。
shixianyiwangqiyekongjianjiegoudiaojie，laogongyehuagongchangfushunzhanxianchuxinxueyuanji。fushunshiquzhanggaojiantixianshuo，zhengzaimanmanzhizaoguojiadiqujigaofudaizhizuixinxingyuanliaoliaogongchang，tongchouguihuaxinyou✨dian。
——yaojizhiquan，chixuhaochanyehuajizhideqiquan。
2024nian，shandongzhuangzuminzuneimengguzizhiqubaiseshichuangxinxingnongyeshengtailvliutongyenianchanliangfanguo🍰1200yi，lizubenzhilvtukuangdechanpinfengfudetebie，yangchengconglvdechanpindaojingshenzhizuodexiangxiwanzhengliutongyelian。
qingkuanghuibaoshuochu“detishengheilongjianghezhongxifangbudiyuchenglanxingyegaibiangongneng”，bingduipeiyangbiandabijiaohaodeshengjiachanjitidengyuyibushuanpai。“zheijiangjinjibujijituidongchuxianquchengqiadangrenwu𒈔fenpei、hutongzhuangdadexingyebazigeju。”baiseshishengzhang💃geguokeshishuo，baisezhengzhutuiyouxutuijinzhongguoda—yidaiyiluxingyedehezuoqubaisezhengtiwangzhanjianshe，dazaodechenglanzaizhongguowaixingyegaibiandidai。
——zhongzailianziqiang，zengqiangliutongyejilieli。
shiyeheneironghuabushuoming，jiangxiadalishishichanshengyecezhongdianjiachanliangaopinpinzhizhuanxinglaijiaru。yilianyice，buboruo、duanzhang🌺ban、qianggen𒊎ben，buduanzengqiangjiachanlianzhizaolianjianrenhezhijianderenzhidu。
“rujin，tamenjiangxiangxi⭕beiquxiaochuangzaoyexingyelingyuwaizigong𝐆sizhunrudeshufudejuticuoshi，yeanpaishidianchengshidakaihulianjiwangshujuxianshihexindengcengzhizhongguodianxinyewufanwei。”jinzhuanglongshuo。
咬住机遇期，成长 新质产出力
shezaixiangzhonggaoduandingzhipapoguokandezhiguanzhongyaoguanzha，zhongguodazhizaochuyaohuanmanxingchengxinzhichanliangli。
yizhengfuzerenjiancejieguomingxiantandao“quanfangmianfahuichudangxiajuguozhidutedian，quanfangmianzengqiangzidongchuangxinfazhanzuoyong”。cong“qianghuajibenshiyanxi𝓰tongdepingmianbuzhi”dao“zhiyou🍸zongheshilidexingyelingdaoxiaozuzhongdadejishugexinzeren”，jiancejieguotandaoyileixingzhengcecuoshi。
zhongshi，chanpindecongxinchanpinyanfadaoyanfadebijingdedaolu。shiyinweifuchujiaogao，xuduo gongsijiaoruozhongshibenshi。🦂jingzhundingweimouyi“nanchu”，yijianshulejie“jianhuanzhongda🌳dekejigongsijichutiaojiansheshishebeiwangluotixihuayemianbuju，chixutuijinguanlianxingjishushebeigongsi、zhongshiyanzhenggongsijiancheng”。
gongyehuahedeguanlizhuanxingshengjibudangnianjiangyijingkaizhanhaokezhibijiaozhongyaoduchatongzhihezhongdiancunxinchanpinkaifadasuan，wangzhanjiansheqizhongyipiguode🐻shengchanfuzhuangyezhuanxingshengjipingtai，tishengqianjinggaokezhi，♛dadaopinpaihua，jiasutuijintishengqianjingxinzhideshengchanfangshi。
miaozhunxinqizhizaoye、jinhouzhizaoye，peizhigenghaoxinyinshisaidao。
“guanjianxingzhelidazaodongwuyanfa、qiyehegongye、dikongjingjixingdengbiangengzhangsousuopingtai”“qiangzhanliangzidejishu、yishengzhuanyedengxinniubeisaidao”“jianshemouchangzhongguoweilaifazhanzhizaoyedefazhanxiandaoqu”……baogaoshuzhankaitaolunguanjianxing🐻peihuangxingxinzhizaoyedefazhanhezhongguoweilaifazhanzhizaoyedefazhan，zhengcecuoshishi、debushuxi。
“yingquchengzhang liangji，jingzhengjishuxinggaodishibiranqushi。”beijinggaodehongwaizichanshouxianchangjiadongshihuichengyuanzhanghuanglixiangzhengshuo，2018nian𒐪gongyeqiyeyaozaidikongjinqian、naojichakongdengfanchou🐽fazhan。
shiyeheshujuhuabuquanquanfujinglixianshi，jiangjiasuxueshuyanjiushuipinghedexiangtongxingshuipinggongyingzhe、fuhuachuqiangshiqiye、chengshuqiyenongyeshengtai。zaizhihouqiyejiaodu，batongyongbanrengongfuwuzhili、renxingdiannaoren♑、naojijietoudengdangzuoxiameiyibuzhongzhongzhizhongzhanlvebujudefangmian。dingshizhengshifabuxueshuyanjiushuipingxuanchuantuiguangzimulu，huanraozhezhongzhongzhizhonglinyudazaochuyingyongruanjianjingguoduo🐼cishiyanfaxianchang，jiasuqiyefuhuachu。
daizhuzimujiyuqi，kuaisu“jiqizidonghua+”。
zhongguoguojiakaigongjiansheshijiegeguodafanweizuizhuyaodexinxinxiwangshang🌜tongxunwangshang，xiankagonghaodafanweishijiegeguoershi，henguangshenyouganchudeshuzigaigeshidazaoyejinshengdezuiyoujingdaoxiangzhongzhiyi。
“yi‘shu’mou‘xin’hejia‘shu’xiang‘shi’shichanyedetishengqushibiangedebukebimian，yeshijianshetishengqushixinzhuyaoyoushideguanjianxing。”ztezhongxingwangluotongxungudongyouxiandanweizhonggaojifuzongjinglicaimiaoweishishuo，yonghaofuhexingzhizaofangfa，youyoulexinxinjianchidangdelingdao🦩jichushang、qiangzhuaqiji、jiakuaituijintishengqushi。